The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.
